The Artemis II Mission is Underway

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Image (Credit): NASA’s Artemis II mission lifting off from Launch Complex 39B at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Wednesday, April 1, 2026. (NASA/Joel Kowsky)

The second phase of our return to the Moon, Artemis II, is underway after a successful launch from the Kennedy Space Center earlier today. Three American astronauts as well as one Canadian astronaut will circle the Moon in a 10-day mission to iron out any bugs in the Orion spacecraft.

Here is a day-by-day schedule for the 10-day mission, with a graphic version below (provided on the Planetary Society’s website):

  • Day 1: Over 24 hours in Earth orbit, the astronauts perform a proximity operations demo with the ICPS and make sure various spacecraft systems are working (water, toilet, carbon dioxide removal, communications). The crew sleeps in two four-hour periods.
  • Day 2: Orion engines fire for several minutes, accelerating the spacecraft to escape velocity and sending the crew toward the Moon on their free-return trajectory. The crew also works out on a flywheel and do video calls with people on the ground.
  • Days 3-5: Orion performs three trajectory corrections to fine-tune its approach to the Moon. The crew tests the medical kit and performs a CPR demo. On day 5, they test their spacesuits.
  • Day 6: The crew flies by the Moon, coming within 6,400-9,600 kilometers (4,000-6,000 miles) of its far side. Their maximum distance from Earth is between 370,000-450,000 kilometers (230,000-280,000 miles), depending on their launch date. This may exceed the current human record set by Apollo 13. The crew takes photographs and videos of the Moon’s far side.
  • Days 7-9: Orion performs three trajectory corrections to fine-tune its return to Earth. On day 7, the crew rests off-duty, and on day 8, the crew demonstrates the construction of a radiation shelter construction demo and performs manual piloting tests.
  • Day 10: The crew dons spacesuits and compression garments to prepare for reentry. About 122,000 meters (400,000 feet) above Earth, Orion’s service module separates from the crew module, and Orion reenters Earth’s atmosphere at 40,000 kilometers per hour (25,000 miles per hour). Two drogue parachutes slow Orion to roughly 480 kilometers per hour (300 miles per hour). Then, three pilot parachutes, followed by three main parachutes, slow the capsule to 27 kilometers per hour (17 miles per hour). Artemis II splashes down off the coast of San Diego, California.

If you want to track the mission in real time, you can visit this NASA site.

Credit: NASA

Space Stories: Stories from Apollo 8, Dealing with Space Weather, and a Militarized Moon

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Here are some recent stories related to the upcoming Artemis II launch.

—Associated Press: “Apollo vs. Artemis: What to Know about NASA’s Return to the Moon“

NASA’s Apollo moonshots are a tough act to follow, even after all this time. As four astronauts get set to blast off on humanity’s first trip to the moon in more than half a century, comparisons between Apollo and NASA’s new Artemis program are inevitable. The world’s first lunar visitors orbited the moon on Apollo 8. The Artemis II crew will play it safe and zip around the moon in an out-and-back slingshot. Another key difference: Artemis reflects more of society, with a woman, person of color and Canadian rocketing away.

—Scientific American: “How NASA Will Keep the Artemis II Astronauts Safe from Space Weather“

The hazards that the Artemis II crew must navigate during their 10-day flight are plentiful, starting from the second they launch aboard the most powerful rocket to ever carry humans and continuing all the way through their return to Earth nestled inside the Orion capsule. Many threats the crew will face are obvious, but not all of them are. Take, for example, radiation, which with moderate exposures can increase an astronaut’s long-term risk of cancer and with heavy doses can cause acute sickness. The Artemis II crew will be the first humans in decades to travel beyond low-Earth orbit, fully discarding the protection of Earth’s magnetic field. And while most aspects of cosmic radiation are straightforward to plan for, the outlier is space weather.

—Ars Technica: “NASA is Leading the Way to the Moon, But the Military Won’t Be Far Behind“

Today, potential conflict zones in space are limited to a region between low-Earth orbit and geosynchronous orbit, from a few hundred miles altitude up to 22,000 miles. The Space Force is in the final stages of developing a roadmap for the next 15 years, identifying where the service needs to grow and evolve to respond to changing threats and priorities. The document hasn’t been released publicly, but Pentagon officials have said it will address the possibility of the the Moon or cislunar space, the region of space around the Moon, becoming a theater for military operations.

Astronomy Question: Do You Know Your Moon?

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Image (Credit): An astronaut’s bootprint in the lunar soil from the Apollo 11 mission.(NASA)

Multiple Choice: Which statement below is NOT TRUE about the Moon?

A. Lunar dust smells like a chemical solvent.
B. Some craters on the Moon are colder than the surface of Pluto.
C. The Moon has an atmosphere.
D. The Moon orbits the Sun rather than the Earth.

Take a guess and then check your answer by going to the “Astronomy Question Answer Sheet” page.

Sci-Fi Quote: William Shatner Defends Starfleet Academy

Posted on by onespaceman2000

“Star Trek exists in more than one world. It exists in the fantasy of science fiction – weird and wonderful things that play unimaginable possibilities of exploration and human endeavor. But it also exists in the fantasy of human beings, the perfection of human beings, the exploration that human beings have made since the dawn of time and the continuing exploration – physically mentally and morally. It’s that aspect of Star Trek that I’ve always loved, to look at something physically that doesn’t exist now by these talented writers & designers but also to tackle the eternal human questions the agonies, the ecstasies. Star Trek should exist for a long time to come based on those truths. I for one would love to see its continuity. It’s with sorrow that I hear about the cancellation of the new Star Trek series.”

-William Shatner’s comments on Twitter/X regarding the recent announcement that Star Trek’s Starfleet Academy will end after two seasons. In a follow-up post, highlighting the criticism that the new series was too woke, he continued:

During the first airing of my Star Trek series where a kiss was objectionable; many southern stations pulled the episode & condemned the show. Using today’s vernacular it would absolutely be called “woke DEI crap” because it went against “norms” of society for its time. Not a lot seems to have changed.

Note: Andy Weir, author of Project Hail Mary, is one of the parties criticizing the new series and the direction of Star Trek, but some of it sounds like sour grapes.

Television: Starfleet Academy to End After Two Seasons

Posted on by onespaceman2000
Credit: Paramount+

Nothing gold can stay, Robert Frost once wrote. Just enjoy it while it is here.

And so it goes with Star Trek as well. The new television series Starfleet Academy will last for only two seasons and then disappear. While I had originally thought that promising a second season before the first one aired was premature, it turns outs it was brilliant given the fickle habits of today’s viewers. Now the series has a chance to bring some closure.

I have enjoyed the first season. While it was not perfect, it was finding its way to tell a new story to a new generation of Star Trek viewers. At a time that Star Wars seems to have run out of steam, the new series showed that Star Trek still had more to say with a whole new cast of characters rather than endlessly recycling the past. I am hopeful that it can continue to do so even with this ending.

The series co-showrunners and executive producers, Alex Kurtzman and Noga Landau, wrote a few words that also quoted this bit from Gene Roddenberry that says a lot in these times:

Star Trek was an attempt to say that humanity will reach maturity and wisdom on the day that it begins not just to tolerate, but take a special delight in differences in ideas and differences in life forms. […] If we cannot learn to actually enjoy those small differences, to take a positive delight in those small differences between our own kind, here on this planet, then we do not deserve to go out into space and meet the diversity that is almost certainly out there.